12 VOLT LED LIGHTS OFF GRID INSTALL

Power=Voltage X Current Watt Hour =Voltage (Volts) x Current (Amperes) x Time (Hours) Battery Voltage = 12V ( as our system is 12V) Battery capacity= Load /Voltage = 475/12 = 39.58 Ah RATING OF BATTERY: Batteries capacity are rated in term of Ampere Hour. In this project, I am selecting the 12 V system. Most of the small home solar systems have 12 or 24 V. This will reduce your conductor size also. Note: Before going to choose the components to decide your system voltage 12/24 or 48 V.Higher the voltage lesser the current and lesser will be the copper loss in the conductor. Ni-MH batteries and Li-Ion batteries are also used in many small power applications. The lead-acid tubular battery is perfect for a solar system. But the solar battery is a deep-cycle lead-acid battery that allows for partial discharge and allows for deep slow discharge. Car and bike batteries are designed for supplying short bursts of high current and then be recharged and are not designed for deep discharge.

It will provide a constant source of stable, reliable power. The above problem is solved by using a battery to store the solar power during the day time and use it according to your choice. > If you want to run the appliances during the night then it is impossible. Solar panel voltage is not constant it varies according to the sunlight. But doing this is not a good decision because > Most of the appliances need a constant rated voltage to run efficiently. So if you want to run a dc load during day time then it seems to be very easy. This power is generated during day time only. The output from the solar panel is dc power. But actually the Solar panel voltage is around 17V or more. I wrote 12V as it is suitable for charging the 12V battery. Here you should not confuse with the 12V. Total Wp of PV panel capacity needed = 475Wh /4 = 118.75 Wīy taking some margin you can choose a 120 Watt, 12v solar panel. So we can assume 4 hours of effective sunlight which will generate the rated power. The solar panel size should be selected in such a way that it will charge the battery fully during the one day time.ĭuring the 12hr day time, the sunlight is not uniform it also differs according to your location around the globe. Solar panels are generally rated under standard test conditions (STC): irradiance of 1,000 W/m², the solar spectrum of AM 1.5 and module temperature at 25☌. Monocrystalline is costlier and efficient than the polycrystalline panel. The Solar Panel converts the sunlight into electricity as direct current (DC). If you are not interested to do the above maths then use a load calculator for this calculation. The next thing is to choose the right components to match your load requirement. So total Watt Hour per day = 365 x 1.3 = 474.5 Wh which can be round off to 475 Wh Calculate the total Watt Hour: Just like a CFL calculate the watt-hour for all the appliances and add them together.Ĭonsidering 30% energy lost in the system. Lets you want to run an 11W CFL for 5hour from the solar panel, then the watt-hour is equal toĤ. Calculate the Watt Hour which is equal to the product of power rating of your appliances and time ( hr) of the run. See the specification chart in your appliances for power rating.ģ. Decide what appliances (light, fan, tv, etc ) you want to run and how much time (hour).Ģ. If anyone knows basic maths then It is very simple to calculate.ġ. But during the calculation, I have taken a smaller solar system example for better understanding.īefore choosing the components you have to calculate what is your load, how much time it will run etc. Note: In the picture I have shown a big solar panel of 255W 24V, two batteries of 12V 100Ah each, 30A 12/24V PWM solar charge controller and a 1600 VA pure sine wave inverter. In the next few steps, I will explain in details how you can choose the above components according to your requirement. Instead of this, I have attached links of my other Instructables to make the charge controller and energy meter.įor an off-grid solar system, you need four basic componentsīesides the above components you need a few more things like Copper Wire, MC4 Connector, breaker, meter, and fuses, etc. Only you have to know some basic electrical and math for designing the entire system. I have tried my best to guide you step by step from buying different components to wiring everything by yourself.

12 VOLT LED LIGHTS OFF GRID INSTALL

If you are decided to install a solar panel system to cover your home power needs. So I write this instructable to get all the components of your solar system separately and assemble it all by yourself.Ĭheckout my updated V2.0 Instructables on Off-Grid Solar System But still, installation of a complete off-grid solar system is costly. Day by day the price of the solar panel falls gradually.

12 volt led lights off grid